Síndrome de shock tóxico: presentación de 10 casos / Toxic shock syndrome: presentation of 10 cases

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las condiciones predisponentes, presentación clínica, evolución y complicaciones en un grupo de pacientes con el síndrome de shock tóxico. Se estudiaron 10 casos (en 9 pacientes), en una población de 18 meses a 73 años de edad, atendidos en el Hospital Alemán de Buenos Aires desde julio de 1982 a julio de 1991. Todos los pacientes incluidos presentaron los criterios diagnósticos del CDC: temperatura > 38,9º, hipotensión arterial severa, eritrodermia maculopapular, hiperemia de mucosas, descamación cutánea difusa, y despellejamiento en palmas y plantas en la convalecencia. El síndrome se presentó en el contexto de un postoperatorio (4 casos), de infecciones localizadas (5 casos) y uso de tampones vaginales (1 caso). Todos los pacientes presentaron falla multiparenquimatosa (X 3,8 órganos comprometidos simultáneamente), la más frecuente fue la insuficiencia renal (7 casos). Se aisló Staphylococcus aureus sensible a la oxacilina del foco séptico involucrado en todos los casos. Las fallas orgánicas recibieron el tratamiento convencional adecuado. Ningún paciente requirió asistencia respiratoria mecánica ni técnicas dialíticas. Todos los pacientes sobrevivieron. El SST es una entidad poco frecuente, asociada a infecciones por S. aureus meticilino sensible, que se presenta como un cuadro grave con afección multisistémica, pero que responde favorablemente al tratamiento antibiótico y de sostén de los parénquimas afectados y sin mortalidad en nuestra serie

Síndrome de shock tóxico: presentación de 10 casos / Toxic shock syndrome: presentation of 10 cases

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las condiciones predisponentes, presentación clínica, evolución y complicaciones en un grupo de pacientes con el síndrome de shock tóxico. Se estudiaron 10 casos (en 9 pacientes), en una población de 18 meses a 73 años de edad, atendidos en el Hospital Alemán de Buenos Aires desde julio de 1982 a julio de 1991. Todos los pacientes incluidos presentaron los criterios diagnósticos del CDC: temperatura > 38,9º, hipotensión arterial severa, eritrodermia maculopapular, hiperemia de mucosas, descamación cutánea difusa, y despellejamiento en palmas y plantas en la convalecencia. El síndrome se presentó en el contexto de un postoperatorio (4 casos), de infecciones

Sacroileitis bacteriana. Hallazgos clínicos y evolutivos en 9 casos / [Bacterial sacroileitis. Clinical findinds and clinical course in 9 cases]

Since septic sacroileitis is one of the less frequent localizations among joint infections, we decided to review 9 cases in a retrospective study of 5 females and 4 males, aged between 22 and 60 years old. None had a clinically predisposing condition. The initiating factor was gynecologic-obstetric in 4 women, the irruption of the skin barrier in 3 cases and finally in one case the infection reached the joint through the psoas muscle. Fever and lumbar pain were present in all cases and allowed diagnostic orientation. Radiologic and centellographic alterations were useful for clinical confirmation. An articular biopsypunction was performed in 4 cases, while in the other 5 cases the clinical and radiologic features and the bacteriologic positivity in the blood cultures were enough criteria for diagnosis. The bacteriologic findings were Staphylococcus aureus (4 cases), Streptococcus group A beta hemolítico (1 case), Staphylococcus coagulase negative (1 case), Streptococcus agalactiae (1 case), Proteus mirabilis (2 cases). Eight out of 9 patients were treated with a B-lactamic and aminoglycoside association. One patient received her treatment per os, with quinolones. Six patients recovered, 2 died and one needed to be sent to another hospital.

[Bacterial sacroileitis. Clinical findinds and clinical course in 9 cases]. / Sacroileitis bacteriana. Hallazgos clínicos y evolutivos en 9 casos.

Since septic sacroileitis is one of the less frequent localizations among joint infections, we decided to review 9 cases in a retrospective study of 5 females and 4 males, aged between 22 and 60 years old. None had a clinically predisposing condition. The initiating factor was gynecologic-obstetric in 4 women, the irruption of the skin barrier in 3 cases and finally in one case the infection reached the joint through the psoas muscle. Fever and lumbar pain were present in all cases and allowed diagnostic orientation. Radiologic and centellographic alterations were useful for clinical confirmation. An articular biopsypunction was performed in 4 cases, while in the other 5 cases the clinical and radiologic features and the bacteriologic positivity in the blood cultures were enough criteria for diagnosis. The bacteriologic findings were Staphylococcus aureus (4 cases), Streptococcus group A beta hemolítico (1 case), Staphylococcus coagulase negative (1 case), Streptococcus agalactiae (1 case), Proteus mirabilis (2 cases). Eight out of 9 patients were treated with a B-lactamic and aminoglycoside association. One patient received her treatment per os, with quinolones. Six patients recovered, 2 died and one needed to be sent to another hospital.

Sacroileitis bacteriana. Hallazgos clínicos y evolutivos en 9 casos. / [Bacterial sacroileitis. Clinical findinds and clinical course in 9 cases]

Since septic sacroileitis is one of the less frequent localizations among joint infections, we decided to review 9 cases in a retrospective study of 5 females and 4 males, aged between 22 and 60 years old. None had a clinically predisposing condition. The initiating factor was gynecologic-obstetric in 4 women, the irruption of the skin barrier in 3 cases and finally in one case the infection reached the joint through the psoas muscle. Fever and lumbar pain were present in all cases and allowed diagnostic orientation. Radiologic and centellographic alterations were useful for clinical confirmation. An articular biopsypunction was performed in 4 cases, while in the other 5 cases the clinical and radiologic features and the bacteriologic positivity in the blood cultures were enough criteria for diagnosis. The bacteriologic findings were Staphylococcus aureus (4 cases), Streptococcus group A beta hemolítico (1 case), Staphylococcus coagulase negative (1 case), Streptococcus agalactiae (1 case), Proteus mirabilis (2 cases). Eight out of 9 patients were treated with a B-lactamic and aminoglycoside association. One patient received her treatment per os, with quinolones. Six patients recovered, 2 died and one needed to be sent to another hospital.

[Kaposi's sarcoma in young adults without evidence of HIV infection]. / Sarcoma de Kaposi en adultos jóvenes sin evidencia de infección por HIV.

Besides the AIDS-related form of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) there are few well-known aggressive types of this disease. These non-epidemic invasive variants of KS have been recognized in young black males of equatorial Africa and in renal transplant recipients after iatrogenic immunosuppression. We report on two white patients without known risk factors who presented an invasive clinical form of KS with negative serology for HIV infection. Patient 1: 46 year-old white male of Italian origin without known risk factors. He consulted in September 1990 because of a nephrotic syndrome associated with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. On physical examination he presented a violaceous nodule in one toe of the right foot. He received prednisolone with amelioration of the renal disorder, but consulted again some months later because of fever, marked weight loss, generalized enlargement of superficial lymph nodes, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. ELISA tests, Western-blot and HIV-antigen investigations were repeatedly negative. CD4 and CD8 counts were 450 and 365 per microlitre respectively. A lymph node biopsy demonstrated KS associated to Castleman's disease. KS was also diagnosed in the skin biopsy. The hemolytic anemia was treated with prednisolone without success and KS cutaneous lesions extended to both legs and ulcerated even after a short course of bleomycin and radiotherapy. The patient died nine months later. Patient 2: 38 year-old white male of German origin, with a history of alcoholism. He was admitted to the hospital because of septic shock associated with hepatic failure. On physical examination he presented ascites, liver and spleen enlargement, and a big subcutaneous nodule on the knee covered with normal skin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Sarcoma de Kaposi en adultos jóvenes sin evidencia de infección por HIV. / [Kaposis sarcoma in young adults without evidence of HIV infection]

Besides the AIDS-related form of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) there are few well-known aggressive types of this disease. These non-epidemic invasive variants of KS have been recognized in young black males of equatorial Africa and in renal transplant recipients after iatrogenic immunosuppression. We report on two white patients without known risk factors who presented an invasive clinical form of KS with negative serology for HIV infection. Patient 1: 46 year-old white male of Italian origin without known risk factors. He consulted in September 1990 because of a nephrotic syndrome associated with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. On physical examination he presented a violaceous nodule in one toe of the right foot. He received prednisolone with amelioration of the renal disorder, but consulted again some months later because of fever, marked weight loss, generalized enlargement of superficial lymph nodes, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. ELISA tests, Western-blot and HIV-antigen investigations were repeatedly negative. CD4 and CD8 counts were 450 and 365 per microlitre respectively. A lymph node biopsy demonstrated KS associated to Castlemans disease. KS was also diagnosed in the skin biopsy. The hemolytic anemia was treated with prednisolone without success and KS cutaneous lesions extended to both legs and ulcerated even after a short course of bleomycin and radiotherapy. The patient died nine months later. Patient 2: 38 year-old white male of German origin, with a history of alcoholism. He was admitted to the hospital because of septic shock associated with hepatic failure. On physical examination he presented ascites, liver and spleen enlargement, and a big subcutaneous nodule on the knee covered with normal skin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)